Offshore Oil and Gas References

Older References (before 1992)

  • Avonclad - A Flexible Neoprene/Copper-Nickel Material for Long Term Anti-Fouling: A Review of Manufacture, Tests and Recent Installations; by J.W. Brockbank; Proceedings of the Institute of Metals Conference on Marine Engineering with Copper-Nickel, London, April 1988, pp 101-103.
  • Bio-Shield: An Anti-Fouling System for Offshore Platforms that Works!; by Engel & J.P. Ray; Proceedings of Ocean Engineering and the Environment Conference; San Diego, California, United States, Vol 1, 1985, p. 62.
  • Concepts in Corrosion and Biofouling Control Using Copper-Nickel; by C.J. Gaffoglio; Proceedings of the First OMAE Specialty Symposium on Offshore and Arctic Frontiers; New Orleans, Louisiana, Feb. 23-27, 1986.Copper-Nickel Cladding for Offshore Structures; Publication TN37; Copper Development Association, Potters Bar, England, 1986.
  • Copper-Nickel Cladding for Offshore Structures; Publication TN37, Copper Development Association, Potters Bar, England, 1986.
  • Copper-Nickel Sheathing of Offshore Jacket Structures; by B.B. Moreton; Australian Corrosion Association Conference 26, Adelaide, Australia, November 1986.
  • Copper-Nickel Sheathing Study - Phase II, Two Year Service Performance of Test Panels on the Arco Texas; U.S. Department of Transportation Maritime Administration, Report No. MA-RD, May 1984.
  • Copper-Nickel Sheathing Cost Study - Phase III, Installation Methods and Cost Reduction Potential; U.S. Department of Transportation Maritime Administration, Report No. MA-RD-770-87026, August 1987.
  • Corrosion Resistance of Wrought 90-10 Copper-Nickel-Iron Alloy Marine Environments; The International Nickel Co., Inc., Feb. 1975.
  • Economic Evaluation - Use of Copper-Nickel Alloy for Sheathing of Offshore Structures; by Barger, L.D. Downer, J.E. Brown and T.R. Gaul; Exxon Production Research Company, INCRA Project No. 359, September 1984, pp 21-41.
  • Galvanic Corrosion of Copper-Nickel Sheathed Steel Piling; by J.A. Ellor & G.A. Gehring, Jr.; Ocean City Research Corp.; Danish Corrosion Centre. INCRA Project No. 368, No. 371, March 1987.
  • Joining Copper and Copper-Nickel-Clad Steels; by M. Prager, J. Keay and E.W. Thiele, Welding Journal, September 1978.
  • Last Harbor for the Oldest Ship; by S.W. Katsev, M.L. Katsev; National Geographic, 146, No. 5, Nov. 1974 pp. 618-625.
  • Metallic Sheathing for Protection of Steel in Seawater; by W.W. Kirk; Materials Performance; 26 (No. 9), September 1987, pp 23-28.
  • Protection of Steel Piling in Marine Splash and Spray Zones: The Metallic Sheathing Concept; by R.W. Ross, Jr. and D.B. Anderson; Proceeding of the Fourth International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling; Antibes, France; June 1976, pp 461-473.
  • Report on the Protection of Offshore Steel Structures by a Metallurgical Method; by B.B. Morton, 9th Annual Conference Petroleum Division ASME; New York, N.Y., September 1954.
  • Review of Five-Year Exposure Data for CuNi-Sheathed Steel Pilings; by D.G. Melton; Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Offshore Technology Conference; Houston, Texas, May 1991, pp 221-2 33.
  • Splash Zone Protection of Marine Structures; by E.V. Creamer; "Offshore Technology Conference, Paper No. 1274; Houston, Texas, 1970.
  • Stray Current Corrosion, by S. Husa; Marintec; INCRA Project No. 372, September 1986.
  • The Use of 90/10 Copper-Nickel Alloy as a Splash Zone Cladding; by R. Carruthers; Paper 6, Proceedings of CDA Conference on Copper-Alloys in Marine Environments, Birmingham, England, April 1985.
  • Use of Copper-Nickel Alloy Sheathing for Corrosion and Fouling Protection of Marine Structures; by P.T. Gilbert; Proceedings of The Institute of Metals Conference on Marine Engineering with Copper-Nickel; London, April 1988; pp 21-41.

References

  1. Application of Copper Nickel UNS C70600 for Seawater Service, Wilhelm Schleich, Paper No 5222, , CORROSION/2005, Houston, NACE International.
  2. Avonclad-a Flexible Neoprene/Copper-Nickel Material for Long Term Antifouling; A Review of Manufacturing, Tests and Recent Installations, Brockbank, J. W., pp 101-103, , London, Paper from Marine Engineering With Copper-Nickel, Institue of Metals Conference Proceedings.
  3. Biofouling Resistance of Cupronickel: Basics and Experience, W. Schleich and K. Steinkamp, , Stainless Steel World 2003 Conference, Maastricht.
  4. Bio-shield: Update on a successful anti-fouling system for offshore platforms, Engel, R. F., & Ray, J. P., , London, paper from marine engineering with copper-nickel, institute of metals conference proceedings.
  5. Cathodic current demand of 90/10 copper nickel, , Korrosionscentralen ATV, INCRA Project No. 371. 5th quarterly report.
  6. Copper alloys for marine construction, Peters, D. T., & Powell, C. A., , International Workshop on Advanced Materials for Marine Construction, New Orleans, LA, Colorado School of Mines, Publications Department, Golden, CO.
  7. Copper Nickel Cladding for Offshore Structures, , CDA UK Publication 37 and German DKI publication No. s 202.
  8. Corrosion and Biofouling Resistance of Copper-Nickel in Offshore and Other Marine Applications, Powell, C. A., Vol. 2, pp 188-200, , UK Corrosion and Eurocorr 94, Bournemouth, UK.
  9. Evaluation of Copper-Nickel as a Sheathing Material for Hot Riser Protection on Offshore Platforms, Powell, C., Schleich, W., Souza, VAD., Paper 1335, Eurocorr 2007.
  10. Fabrication of Copper-Nickel Alloys for Offshore Applications, Jordan, D. E. and Powell, C. A., , International Conference on Welding in Maritime Engineering, Croatian, Croatian Welding Society.
  11. Galvanic Corrosion of Copper--Nickel Sheathed Steel Piling, Ellor, J. A. and G. A. Gehring J. , Materials Performance, Vol. 27, 5, pp 45-48, .
  12. High Strength Copper-Nickels, Tuck, C.D.S., , UK, Langley Alloys.
  13. Long-Term Exposure Trials Evaluating the Biofouling Resistance of Copper Nickel Alloy Sheathing Materials, Campbell S., Fletcher, R. and Powell, C., , The 12th International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling, Southampton, UK.
  14. OSNA®-10 Copper-Nickel Sheathing on Offshore Structures, Brochure, KME Germany GmbH & Co. KG .
  15. Protection of Steel Piling in Marine Splash and Spray Zones, - The Metallic Sheathing Concept, Ross, R. W., & Anderson, D. B., pp 461-473, , Antibes, France, Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling.
  16. Review of Splash Zone Corrosion and Biofouling of C70600 Sheathed Steel During 20 Years Exposure, Powell, C. and Michels, H., Eurocorr 2006, Maastricht.
  17. Splash Zone Corrosion of C70600 After Ten Years Exposure in an Oceanfront Environment, Pikul, S. J. and B. S. Phull, Annual Report, ICA Project no. 399, .
  18. Splash Zone Protection of Marine Structures, Creamer, E. V., Paper No. OTC-8, , The Met Society of AIME, New York, NY.
  19. The Application of Copper Nickel Alloys in Marine Systems. Material Selection for High Reliability Sea Water Systems, B. Todd, Seminar Technical Report 7044-1919, CDA Inc, The Application of Copper Nickel Alloys in Marine Systems.
  20. Thermal-Sprayed Copper-Nickel Coatings on Steel, Perkins, R. A. and D. L. Marsh, , Final Report on INCRA Project 376.
  21. The Use of 90/10 Copper-Nickel Alloy as a Splash Zone Cladding, Carruthers, R., Paper 6, , Birmingham, England, Proceedings of CDA Conference on Copper-Alloys in Marine Environments.
  22. Thirteen Year Results of Long-Term Copper-Nickel Sheathed Piling Studies, Pikul, S. J. and B. S. Phull, , Annual Report, ICA Project No. 358.
  23. Typical Failures of 90/10 CuNi Sea water Tubing Systems and How to Avoid Them, Schleich, Wilhelm, , Eurocorr 2004, NACE.